Climate Change, particularly in the annual Rainfall, has received a great deal of attention worldwide by researchers. The degree of variability or fluctuations in the factor varies according to locations. Hence, examining the spatiotemporal dynamics of rainfall in Odisha state where agriculture plays a vital role in the states economy, which depends on monsoonal rainfall. Any change in rainfall pattern because of climate change can adversely affect the agricultural production and economy of Odisha. This study examines the district-wise long-term changes and short-term fluctuations in annual and seasonal rainfall in the state of Odisha. The study analyzed the rainfall data for a period of 119 years (i.e. 1901–2019) as a whole and also at the decadal scale for the state of Odisha. It used the statistical trend analysis techniques, namely Mann-Kendall (MK) test, and Sens slope estimator for examining the trend direction and magnitude of the change over the study period. The observed variation in rainfall at different spatio-temporal scales revealed that, the monsoon season has maximum contribution to annual rainfall and it does not have any strong trend over the study period. The outcomes of the study gives district-wise information on rainfall trends on a long-term basis and the impact of climate change in different parts of Odisha which will be helpful for the water resources department for planning and management of water resources for its sustainable use and particularly for the benefits of agriculture of odisha.