AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF FORESTS AS CRITICAL NATURAL RESOURCES: IMPLICATIONS FOR BIODIVERSITY, CLIMATE REGULATION, AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT


Wasik iqbal, Dr. Ashu Saini
School of Commerce and Management, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh
Abstract
The trees account for the most part of the forest’s intricate ecosystem, which shelters the soil and acts as a habitat for many different living creatures. The unique ecosystem that is formed by the trees influences the species of animals and plants that can live in the forest. The trees are extremely helpful in creating the ecosystem. Besides being effective noise reducers, they clean the air, reduce its temperature during hot weather, and preserve the warmth during the cold season. To avoid soil erosion, plants create a protective canopy that decreases the impact of raindrops on the ground. A bed of leaves near the base of the plant enables water absorption into the soil and reduces runoff. Roots help the soil to stay in position. When the decay of dead plants takes place, the process creates humus that acts as a water source and provides nutrients to the soil. Plants also serve as habitats for numerous creatures. Although different types of creatures dwell on different parts of the plant; for example, birds make nests on trees and live in cavities, while others dwell in hollow areas. They generate lots of oxygen and take in carbon dioxide. The relative humidity and amount of precipitation in the area depend on the transpiration in the forest. The findings show how important it is for people to engage themselves in sustainable resource management practices and to implement measures that will aid in forest conservation and planting of trees. The study thus concludes that the presence of forests is very important in the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Keywords: Forest ecosystem, Trees, Biodiversity, Ecology, Soil erosion, Water conservation, Humus, Habitat, Carbon dioxide absorption, Oxygen generation, Transpiration, Relative humidity, Rainfall, Environmental protection, Wildlife, Plant decomposition, Air purification, Climate regulation, Root system, Soil nutrients
Journal Name :
EPRA International Journal of Climate and Resource Economic Review (CRER)

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Published on : 2026-05-12

Vol : 14
Issue : 5
Month : May
Year : 2026
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