The relationship between planning and market mechanisms, a core issue in China’s economic reform, has evolved since its direct proposal by Deng Xiaoping. Since the reform and opening-up, amid shifts in the paradigms of CPC cognition, this relationship has followed a logical progression focused on "unity," moving through a logical starting point established by the CPC, then through a constructed logical intermediary, and a foundational support, progressing through an abstract theoretical level, the goal level of economic reform, the level of institutional and mechanism guarantees, and eventually reaching an inevitable dialectical-material relationship. Thus, it reaches the logical conclusion within the forty-five years of reform and opening-up. In the new era, as China’s socialist market economy advances to a new stage, the relationship between planning and market mechanisms will continue to evolve with changes in CPC cognition and practice.