This article examines the theoretical foundations, economic principles, and key characteristics of organizing investment activities in enterprises. In today's dynamic economic environment, investment decisions must be based not only on financial profitability but also on strategic alignment with long-term corporate goals. The study highlights the influence of macroeconomic policies — including monetary, fiscal, regulatory, and trade policies — on investment behavior and demonstrates how enterprises must adapt to these external factors. Furthermore, the article discusses the essential components of investment evaluation and monitoring systems, including investment analysis methods, strategic alignment, risk management, and continuous performance measurement. A strong emphasis is placed on developing flexible and comprehensive investment systems that support sustainable growth, enhance financial resilience, and ensure strategic competitiveness in both domestic and international markets.