This paper develops an Internal Control Testing Model (ICTM) to strengthen supervision of commercial banks by a known Central Bank in Africa. Grounded in a referential pragmatic approach, the ICTM integrates established internal control frameworks (e.g., COSO’s Internal Control – Integrated Framework) with Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) concepts and the Theory of Constraints (TOC) to address systemic risks and practical constraints in the studied economy’s banking sector. The proposed model aims to (i) enhance the Central Bank’s capacity to identify and diagnose emerging risks, (ii) improve the relevance and completeness of supervisory data and reporting, and (iii) support risk-based supervisory interventions aligned with international standards. A mixed-methods research design is outlined: quantitative assessments of bank control environments and performance indicators, combined with qualitative interviews of the Central Bank supervisors and bank risk managers. Expected contributions include a practical ICTM tool that the Central Bank can institutionalize, methodological guidelines for its implementation, and insights into how international control frameworks can be adapted in a developing economy context.