Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy which plays the most decisive role in the socioeconomic development of the country. It focus on innovation in agriculture is essential to achieve self-reliance in this sector and also ensure food security. In 1999-2000 it was 28.4 per cent; in 2011-12 it further declined to 13.8 per cent. The Innovations in agriculture need to focus on the vast untapped growth potential in agriculture including strengthening of rural infrastructure, promotion of agri-business and subsidiary farm enterprises and creation of more employment to avoid migration from rural areas to urban areas. Agricultural innovation is need for interventions in rainfed horticulture, disease diagnostics, seed and planting material, mechanisation, labour shortage, climate resilient technologies and strengthening of market linkages; new initiatives such as interaction with farmers through video conferencing involving subject matter specialists, community radio station, use of DVDs for disseminating of information on various technologies to be adopted throughout the country, so that it would help bring down the transaction costs in many of the Government programmes. This paper discusses various innovations and technological breakthroughs that took place in Indian agriculture during the British period and afterwards. Further, the paper focuses on the role of agriculture in India, effects of agricultural innovation toward rural development and to study the problem Associated in agricultural innovation.

KEYWORDS: Innovation, Agricultural, Rural, Development, Technology.