stdClass Object
(
    [id] => 8398
    [paper_index] => EW201705-01-001839
    [title] => REDEFINING PRIVATE TUTORING
    [description] => <ol>
	<li>Azam, M. (2016). &ldquo;Private Tutoring: Evidence from India&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>Review of Development Economics</em>,&nbsp;<em>20</em>(4), 739-761.</li>
	<li>Bray, M., &amp; Kwok, P. (2003). &ldquo;Demand for private supplementary tutoring: conceptual considerations, and socio-economic patterns in Hong Kong&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>Economics of Education Review</em>,&nbsp;<em>22</em>(6), 611-620.</li>
	<li>Bray, M. (2003).&nbsp;<em>Adverse effects of private supplementary tutoring: Dimensions, implications and government responses</em>. UNESCO. Instituto Internacional de Planeamiento de la Educacion</li>
	<li>Dang, H. A., &amp; Rogers, F. H. (2008). &ldquo;The growing phenomenon of private tutoring: Does it deepen human capital, widen inequalities, or waste resources?&rdquo;,&nbsp;<em>The World Bank Research Observer</em>,&nbsp;<em>23</em>(2), 161-200.</li>
	<li>Dongre, A., &amp; Tewary, V. (2015). &ldquo;Impact of Private Tutoring on Learning Levels&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>Economic &amp; Political Weekly</em>,&nbsp;<em>50</em>(41), 73.</li>
	<li>Gupta, A. (2015). &ldquo;Understanding Vocational Education as an Economic Service in India&rdquo;, <em>International Journal of English Language, Literature and Humanities</em>, Volume II, Issue X, pp- 165-184</li>
	<li>Ireson, J. (2004). &ldquo;Private tutoring: how prevalent and effective is it?&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>London Review of Education</em>,&nbsp;<em>2</em>(2), 109-122.</li>
	<li>Jayachandran, S. (2014). &ldquo;Incentives to teach badly: After-school tutoring in developing countries&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>Journal of Development Economics</em>,&nbsp;<em>108</em>, 190-205.</li>
	<li>Lee, Jong-Tae, Yang-Boon Kim, and Cho-Hee Yoon. 2004. &ldquo;The Effects of Pre-Class Tutoring on Student Achievement: Challenges and Implications for Public Education in Korea.&rdquo; <em>KEDI Journal of Educational Policy</em> 1(1):25&ndash;42.</li>
	<li>PSACHAROPOULOS, G. and H.A. PATRINOS. 2004. &ldquo;Returns to Investment in Education: A Further Update&rdquo;, <em>Education Economics</em>, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 111&ndash;134</li>
	<li>Snehi, N. E. E. R. U. (2010). &ldquo;Private tuition and its implications on quality secondary education&rdquo;.&nbsp;<em>Journal of Indian Education</em>, 61-75.</li>
</ol>

    [author] => Apoorva Gupta
    [googlescholar] => https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=KeqZGcIAAAAJ&imq=EPRA+International+Journal+of+Economic+and+Business+Review&citation_for_view=KeqZGcIAAAAJ:PVjk1bu6vJQC
    [doi] => 
    [year] => 2017
    [month] => May
    [volume] => 5
    [issue] => 5
    [file] => eprapub/EW201705-01-001839.pdf
    [abstract] => <p>Private tutoring industry has recorded a growth of 35% in the last five years in India. This paper argues that this growth rate is underestimated as there are various forms of supplementary tutoring which often go unrecorded. Through the anecdotal evidences, this paper suggests to call this industry as <em>supplementary tutoring</em> industry, rather than private tutoring industry and suggests to extend its dimensions to free tuitions, supplementary vocational training, training on short term add on courses and online tutoring into supplementary tutoring industry.</p>

<p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> Private tuitions, coaching, vocational education, free tuitions</p>

<p>JEL Classifications: I20, I21, I24, I29</p>

    [keywords] => 
    [doj] => 
    [hit] => 1548
    [status] => 
    [award_status] => P
    [orderr] => 21
    [journal_id] => 4
    [googlesearch_link] => 
    [edit_on] => 
    [is_status] => 1
    [journalname] => EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review(JEBR)
    [short_code] => IJES
    [eissn] => 2347-9671 (O), 2349-0187(P)
    [pissn] => 
    [home_page_wrapper] => images/products_image/12.JEBR.png
)
Error fetching PDF file.