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    [id] => 8573
    [paper_index] => EW201609-01-001186
    [title] => MEASUREMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY: VARIOUS MODELS
    [description] => <ol>
	<li>Beri,G.C.(1962), Measurement of Production and Productivity in Indian Industry, Asia Publishing House, Mumbai.</li>
	<li>Bernard COX, &ldquo;Value added and Management Accountant&rdquo; in Handbook of Management Accounting ed. David Fanning Aldershot, Hants, (Gower Publishing Co. Ltd.England), 1983,p.148.</li>
	<li>Boulding,K.E. (1969) &ldquo;Economic and Accounting&rdquo; : The Uncongenial twins&rdquo; in contemporary Accounting and Its environment ed. Johan W. Buckley ( Dickensen Publishing Co. Inc. California), 1969, p.277 quoted by S.G.Sharma,p.28.</li>
	<li>Byrd Jack Jr.,(1979) &ldquo;Measure Productivity from Payroll Records&rdquo; Industrial Engineering, Aug 79 quoted by G.D.Sardana and Prem Vrat, P.278</li>
	<li>Davis,H.S.(1951), &ldquo;The Meaning and Measurement of Productivity,&rdquo; in Industrial productivity Ed.L. Reed Tripp (Industrial Relation Research Association, Wisconsin), p.13</li>
	<li>Davis,H.S.(1955) Productivity Accounting, (University of Pennsylavania Press, Philadelphia), p.169</li>
	<li>Grewal,T.S. (1995) Introduction to Accounting, (S. Chand &amp; Co. Ltd., New Delhi), 1993, p.1</li>
	<li>Gupta, R.L.&nbsp; and Radhaswamy,M.( 1995) Advanced Accounting, (Sultan Chand &amp;Sons, New Delhi), VIII ed., p.6</li>
	<li>Kendrick, J.W. (1965) and Daniel Creamer, Measuring company productivity Handbook with case studies, New York 1965 quoted by G.D.Sardana and Prem vrat, p.274</li>
	<li>Mushtaq Mangat (http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/466/productivity-concepts-and-definitions?page=2)</li>
	<li>Paul Krugman, The Age of Diminishing Expectations (1994),Defining and Measuring Productivity (http://www.oecd.org/std/productivity-stats/40526851.pdf)</li>
	<li>Porwal,L.S. (1996) Accounting Theory, (Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi), p.4</li>
	<li>Rabin,J. and Lynch,T.D. (1983)&nbsp; Handbook on Public Budgeting and Financial Management, (Marcel Dekker, New York),&nbsp; pp 555-558.</li>
	<li>Richard O. Mason, (1984) &ldquo;A General System Theory of Productivity.&rdquo;, quoted by Sardana and Vrat &ldquo;Models of Productivity Measurement in Productivity, Vol.25, No.3, Oct-Dec 1984,.</li>
	<li>Sardana,G.D. and Vrat,P. (1984) &ldquo;Models of Productivity Measurement&rdquo;, in Productivity Vol XXV, No.3 (Oct-Dec), pp.272-289</li>
	<li>Sharma,S.G. (1989), Productivity&nbsp; Measurement- An Accounting Approach, Prateeksha Publication, Jaipur.</li>
	<li>Srivastava,J.P.(1982), Labour Productivity-Socio-Economic Dimensions,(Oxford and IBH Publishing House Co, New Delhi)</li>
</ol>

    [author] => Dr. (Mrs.) Meenu Maheshwari  
    [googlescholar] => 
    [doi] => 
    [year] => 2016
    [month] => September
    [volume] => 4
    [issue] => 9
    [file] => eprapub/EW201609-01-001186.pdf
    [abstract] => <p>In the modern era of globalization and liberalization where, battle of products, through mass media, is exciting the endless desires, the word &ldquo;Productivity&rdquo; has become synonymous for progress. Productivity refers to the physical relationship between the quantity produced (output) and the quantity of resources used in the course of production (input).</p>

<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Productivity measurement includes partial or factorial productivity and overall productivity. Measurement of productivity is a very difficult task because it depends on so many factors. It can be measured separately for each factor of production such as men, machines, materials etc. Productivity measurement is helpful in goal setting, cost reduction, resource allocation, motivation for improvement, forecasting output and national income etc. This paper attempts to explain various models of productivity measurement.</p>

<p><strong>KEY WORDS:</strong> Productivity, Input, Output, Financial Ratio.</p>

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    [journalname] => EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review(JEBR)
    [short_code] => IJES
    [eissn] => 2347-9671 (O), 2349-0187(P)
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