stdClass Object
(
    [id] => 8578
    [paper_index] => EW201609-01-001212
    [title] => NATURE AND SCOPE OF MARINE BIO-ECONOMICS
    [description] => <ol>
	<li>Andrew Dyck is a researcher in the Fisheries Economics Research Unit at the University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.</li>
	<li>U. Rashid Sumaila is an associate professor and director of the Fisheries Centre and the Fisheries Economics Research Unit at the University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.</li>
	<li>AFMEC 2004. Alternative Future Scenarios for Marine Ecosystems. Draft version 4. 129 pp. (Courtesy of J.Pinnegar, CEFAS, www.cefas.co.uk/marine-futures</li>
	<li>Alheit J &amp; E Hagen 1997. Long-term climate forcing of european herring and sardine populations. Fisheries Oceanography, 6(2), 130-9</li>
	<li>Andrews J, S Blythe, WSC Gurney 2004. Stability analysis of a continuous age structured model with specific reference to North Sea cod. J Biological Systems 12: 249-60.</li>
	<li>Baumgartner TR, A Soutar &amp; V Ferreira-Bartrina 1992. Reconstruction of the history of Pacific sardine and northern anchovy populations over the past two millennia from sediments of the Santa Barbara basin, California. CALCOFI Reports 33: 24-40.</li>
	<li>Beare D, F Burns, E Jones, K Peach, E Portilla, T Greig, E McKenzie &amp; D Reid 2004. An increase in the abundance of anchovies and sardines in the north-western North Sea since 1995. Global Change Biology 10: 1209-13.</li>
	<li>Beaugrand G. 2004. The North Sea regime shift: evidence, causes, mechanisms and consquences. Progr in Oceanography 60: 245-62.</li>
	<li>Clark JS, SR Carpenter, M Barber, S Collins, A Dobson, JA Foley, DM Lodge, M Pascual et al 2001. Ecological forecasts: an emerging imperative. Science 293: 657-60.</li>
	<li>Cochrane KL, CJ Augustyn, AC Cockcroft, JHM David, MH Griffiths &amp; JC Groeneveld 2004. An ecosystem approach to fisheries in the southern benguela context. S African J Mar Sci 26: 9-35.</li>
	<li>Hilborn R 2004. Ecosystem-based fisheries management: the carrot or the stick. Mar Ecol Progr Ser 274: 275-8</li>
	<li>Hjermann DO, N Ch Stenseth &amp; G Ottersen 2004a. Indirect climate forcing of the Barents Sea capelin: a cohort effect. Mar Ecol Progr Ser 273: 229-38</li>
	<li>Ostrom, E. (1990), Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. New York: Cambridge University Press.</li>
	<li>David W. Pearce and R. Kerry Turner (1990) &ldquo;Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment &rdquo;, Johns Hopkins University Press.</li>
	<li>Robert Costanza, (1989)&ldquo;What Is Ecological Economics?&rdquo;, Ecological Economic-s. Elsevier Science Publishers 1 (1989) l-7.</li>
	<li>Pillet. G and Murota. T 1987 &ldquo;Environmental Economics&rdquo;R. Leimgrubee, Geneva, 307 pp.</li>
	<li>Mansour Mohammadian 1997 &ldquo;Towards a New Paradigm: from Resource Economics to Bioeconomics&rdquo;, Jounal of interdisciplinary economics, October 1999 vol. 10 no. 4 415-425.</li>
	<li>Mansour Mohammadian &ldquo;Bioeconomics: Biological Economics&rdquo; <a href="http://www.scienceofbioeconomics.com/home?format=feed&amp;type=rss">http://www.scienceofbioeconomics.com/home?format=feed&amp;type=rss</a>.</li>
	<li>Gordon, H.S. 1954. The economics of a common property resource: the fishery. J. Polit. Econ. 62: 124&ndash;142.</li>
	<li>Lovelock, J.E. 1990. Address to the Global Forum of Spiritual and Parliamentary Leaders on Human Survival. Poetry Review, 80, l, 4-6.</li>
</ol>

    [author] => Dr.I.Sundar 
    [googlescholar] => 
    [doi] => 
    [year] => 2016
    [month] => September
    [volume] => 4
    [issue] => 9
    [file] => eprapub/EW201609-01-001212.pdf
    [abstract] => <p>The economic production can be achieved through biological resources and non biological resources. The bioeconomics is the subject explaining the production of goods and services through biological resources and living resources. The subject marine bioeconomics is the branch of bioeconomics and it explains the production of goods and services through marine living organisms. This paper deals with content and meaning of bioeconomics. It outlines the concept of marine bioeconomics, structure of marine bioeconomics, bioeconomics of marine reserve and marine protected area and scope of studying marine bioeconomics. This paper concludes with some interesting findings along with policy suggestions.</p>

<p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> bioeconomics, marine, living resources, human enterprise</p>

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    [journalname] => EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review(JEBR)
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