In recent years, the ubiquitous use of social media has sparked growing concerns about the impact on user health, particularly in the areas of sleep and mental health. This study investigates the influence of social media usage on sleep patterns and mental health among residents of Pollachi, a semi-urban region in Tamil Nadu, India. With the rapid rise in smartphone usage and internet accessibility, social media has become an integral part of daily life. However, this shift has also brought about significant changes in lifestyle and well-being. Using survey data conducted within the Pollachi community, this article explores how prolonged social media engagement especially during nighttime hours affects sleep quality, sleep duration, and mental health indicators such as anxiety, stress, and mood disorders. Through the latest literature and research overview, this paper shows how factors such as excessive screen time, nighttime scrolling, and constant online connections contribute to disruption in increased psychological stress. The findings reveal a strong correlation between excessive screen time and disturbed sleep patterns, along with increased signs of psychological distress, particularly among the youth.