This study investigated the relationship between International Trade and Life expectancy in Nigeria. International trade is the independent variable with proxies as import, export, foreign direct investment and exchange rate while life expectancy is the dependent variable. The specific objectives are to find out if any significant long run and short run relationship exist between each of the proxies used for international trade and life expectancy. Ex Post facto research approach was adopted. A total of 200 observations, 40 for each of the five variables, covering the period from 1981 to 2020, were used for this study. Data analysis involved Unit root test and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) tests to determine the existence of short and long run relationships. The results of data analysis suggest that increase in import causes decrease in life expectancy; increase in foreign direct investment leads to improvement in life expectancy and increase in exchange rate leads to reduction in life expectancy in Nigeria. The study suggest that export does not have any significant influence on life expectancy in Nigeria. The study recommends that the Nigeria government should strengthen the capacity and effectiveness of its regulatory agencies responsible for monitoring imports such as Customs, NSO and NAFDAC to ensure that prohibited goods, sub-standard products and goods that do not meet standard, quality, health and environmental considerations are not imported into the country. Government and relevant agencies should intervene and encourage foreign direct investment as this will impact positively on life expectancy in Nigeria. CBN should protect the Naira from devaluation pressures as high exchange rate was found to negatively influence life expectancy in Nigeria.