The banking sector plays a pivotal role in the economic development of a country, and assessing the financial performance of banks is essential to ensure their stability and efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of Federal Bank Ltd, a prominent private sector bank in India, using the CAMEL model. The CAMEL framework—comprising Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity—provides a comprehensive approach to analyzing the soundness of banks. Secondary data from the bank’s annual reports for the period 2018–2023 were collected and analyzed to measure each parameter of the CAMEL model. The study employs financial ratios and trend analysis to assess the bank’s strengths and weaknesses across the five dimensions. Findings reveal that Federal Bank demonstrates a stable capital base, satisfactory asset quality, and consistent earnings, reflecting its overall financial resilience. However, certain aspects of management efficiency and liquidity require strategic improvement to enhance operational performance. The study provides empirical evidence of the bank’s financial health and offers insights for policymakers, investors, and banking professionals to make informed decisions