Karnataka’s agriculture, backbone for over 50% of its population via crops like rice, millets, sugarcane, and pulses, grapples with climate vulnerabilities, groundwater depletion in 66 critical blocks, and tripling water demand by 2030 from urbanization and growth. Erratic monsoons cause droughts and floods in districts like Kalaburagi, Raichur, Bagalkot, and Belagavi, while 68% rainfed lands limit productivity and food security for smallholders, demanding integrated reforms as per the 2022 State Water Policy and SDGs 2, 6, 13. The Integrated Agri-Water Road Map (2025-2030) fuses water and agriculture planning at basin scales, transcending silos by treating water as an economic good and aligning crops, irrigation, and ecosystems. Drawing from Israel’s 90% efficient drip systems and Australia’s Murray-Darling volumetric trading, it optimizes the water-energy-food nexus using GIS, telemetry, and stakeholder platforms. Four pillars drive this: water-secure systems via micro-irrigation, millet/pulse diversification, and sensors, delivering 30-50% savings and 20-30% yields as in PMKSY sugarcane pilots. Equitable allocation employs volumetric pricing, satellite budgeting, and smallholder prioritization in Raichur, reducing wastage. Climate resilience features watersheds, check dams, 5 lakh ha agroforestry for carbon credits, and zero-tillage against IPCC extremes in 70% rainfed areas. Institutions form basin committees, digital markets, and dashboards converging PMKSY and Jal Jeevan Mission for 50% efficiency gains toward Atmanirbhar Bharat. Literature from Namara et al. (2010) and Molden et al. (2010) confirms 25-40% drip savings in Karnataka, 30-50% globally in semi-arid India, with conjunctive use cutting 30% in canals and modelling projecting 30% state-wide via 10 million ha scaling per National Water Mission. FAO notes 30-60% drip superiority, stressing equity. Indian practices like Adarsha watersheds boost recharge; global IWRM in Murray-Darling lifts productivity 30%, Morocco’s WEFE reduces GHGs, Barbados governance hits 95% monitoring via WUAs. Pilots prove viability: 50,000 ha micro-irrigation saves 30% with 2-3-year ROI; Upper Krishna conjunctive use raises outputs 20%, cuts energy 15-20%. Targets include doubling productivity to 1.5 kg/m³ from 0.8, 85% conveyance via SCADA and lining, 20% recharge from 10,000+ interventions, 140% cropping intensity, 25% millet yields, 30% smallholder income rise, and ₹15,000 crore GDP boost. Rotations and subsidies aid tail-enders and SHGs. SCADA slashes 20-25% canal losses over 1,000 km, stabilizing UKP’s 1.2 million ha. Diversification/fertigation enhances horticulture; committees resolve tribunal disputes. Basin planning breaks silos, micro-irrigation curbs evaporation, pricing spurs conservation, agroforestry adds ₹10,000-20,000/ha incomes. WUAs and AI advisories lift adoption 25%, matching 20-30% monsoon variability. Projections counter South Asia warming: watersheds raise moisture 15-25%, zero-tillage cuts evaporation 20-30%, Cauvery telemetry aids cooperation. Green bonds and fees fund ₹10,000 crore, audits adapt to El Niño, establishing Karnataka as a scalable SDG leader.