The article analyzes the trends in the production and export of cereals and legumes in Uzbekistan, highlighting their role in a sustainable and circular agrarian economy. The results show that the production of cereals and legumes has consistently increased, and although the volume of exports fluctuates, the value indicators have steadily increased. Peas and mung beans have emerged as the main export drivers, while lentils and processed products represent the direction of diversification. Cereals and legumes provide resource efficiency through nitrogen fixation and serve to maintain soil fertility. They are a strategic link between production growth, export diversification, and environmental sustainability.