Around the world, millets, a kind of small-seeded cereal crop or grain, are widely grown for food and fodder. Throughout history, millet has been an important staple crop, especially in the scorched tropical regions of Asia and Africa that are poor. Over 97 types of millets are produced in developing countries. Productivity and short growing season under dry, high-temperature conditions favours millet crops that in turn attracts preferability from the farming group. Most millets, also referred to as coarse cereals, are produced in India. The main objective of this paper is to assess the fluctuations and impact of the productivity, production, and area under cultivation of small millets in Tamil Nadu and throughout India by analysing the time series data from 1950–1951 to 2021–2022. Compound Growth Rate and Compound Annual Growth Rate were used for the analysis. The findings showed that while area coverage is negative and non-significant because of development of high yielding varieties, practice of line sowing and other cultivation practices lead to the increased yield with minimum land occupancy, so that the production and productivity for Tamil Nadu's small millets are positive and substantial.