This study examines the impact of Social Sector Expenditure on Economic Growth, focusing on both its direct effect and its indirect effect through Human Development. The Mediation Analysis found a significant positive relationship between social sector Expenditure and Economic Growth indicating increased public spending in sectors like education, healthcare, and social security enhances the Economic Growth of Karnataka. Furthermore, the study also found the significant indirect effect of social sector expenditure on economic growth through human development, measured by the Human Development Index (HDI) signifying that social sector spending positively influence human development, subsequently reinforcing the economic growth of Karnataka. Thus, policymakers are encouraged to carry out specific social sector development initiatives aimed at promoting human development as a catalyst of sustained economic growth in Karnataka.