Cancer is a global health challenge characterized by abnormal cell growth and potential metastasis. In India, it claims over 1300 lives daily, making it a significant public health issue. This article provides an overview of cancer statistics and an update on incidence, mortality, and survival rates, projecting data for the year 2009. Various treatment modalities for cancer are explored, emphasizing the need for comprehensive understanding and management. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on chemotherapy side effects knowledge among staff nurses in Bhopal hospitals. The objectives are to assess current knowledge, measure the modules impact, and explore associations with demographic variables. Hypotheses suggest differences in pre-test and post-test knowledge scores and significant associations with demographic variables. This research employs an evaluative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data collection utilized a structured questionnaire. Findings will inform nursing practice and enhance chemotherapy knowledge among nurses, contributing to better patient care.