In an effort to understand the application of Knowledge Management in Research and Development (R&D) Institutions, we conducted a systematic review of relevant literature. This method involves searching and analyzing various literature sources, such as articles, books and reports, with a focus on the application of Knowledge Management in the R&D context. The results of the literature review identified four key components that support the implementation of Knowledge Management in R&D: technoware (equipment and technology), humanware (human resources), infoware (information resources), and orgaware (organizational structure). Five stages of Knowledge Management implementation were also identified, including creating a knowledge map, planning, strategizing, implementing, and measuring activities. Success indicators are explained as Knowledge Inventory and Knowledge Activity. This review presents a conceptual framework that can be used as a guide for R&D in implementing Knowledge Management. The application of Knowledge Management in R&D can support economic growth, innovation and advancement of knowledge in Indonesia. With the knowledge gained from this review, R&D can more effectively manage and utilize knowledge in order to achieve their goals.