Ayurveda includes an independent discipline called Shalakya Tantra, which focuses on treating sensitive areas above the clavicles, including the eyes. The history of Ayurveda shows that this branch of medicine had an extraordinary expansion from the time of the Vedas to the time of the Samhitas. The Uttara Tantra of Sushruta Samhita gives a significant description of the structure of the eye (Rachana Shareera), which explains the importance of the eye at the outset. The Samhitas also contain sparse references to the physiological aspects (Kriya Shareera) of the eye. An in-depth understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the human body is necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of all diseases. This article aims to bring together those components of Netra Rachana and Kriya Shareera from several classical texts.