Crude oil and petroleum products are important natural resources that have significant economic and environmental implications. Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that is extracted from the ground and refined to produce various petroleum products, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The composition of crude oil and petroleum products can vary widely depending on the source and the refining process used. Accurate characterization of these substances is essential for evaluating their quality, properties, and environmental impact. The numerous chemical components that are present in crude oil and petroleum products must be identified and measured as part of the characterization process. Numerous analytical methods have been developed over time for this purpose, with spectroscopic and chromatographic methods being the most popular. Chromatographic techniques separate chemical components based on their physical and chemical characteristics, whereas spectroscopic techniques employ light absorption, emission, or scattering to analyze the chemical makeup of materials.