This study explores various extraction techniques used to isolate bioactive compounds from plant materials, highlighting maceration, percolation, Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The choice of method, solvent, and conditions significantly affects extraction yield, efficiency, and the nature of compounds obtained. Maceration, though cost-effective and simple, requires extended time, while Soxhlet extraction is more efficient but demands laboratory setups. MAE and UAE offer advanced alternatives with shorter extraction times, higher yields, and reduced solvent usage. Comparative analyses of extraction methods using soursop leaves and boldo leaves demonstrate varying efficiencies, with modern techniques like MAE and UAE providing notable advantages in extraction time and compound recovery. The findings underscore the evolution of extraction methods toward greater efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability.