In Caucasians, nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most prevalent type of cancer, and its incidence is steadily rising globally. Seventy-five percent of NMSC cases are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), with the remaining majority of NMSC instances being squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although BCC metastases are very uncommon, high-risk SCC metastases can be lethal. We go over the causes, symptoms, and treatment of NMSC in this post. Context: The most common cancer in humans to be diagnosed is non-melanoma skin cancer. Skin carcinogenesis is still a poorly understood phenomenon. To better understand the mechanisms underlying malignancy, however, a number of investigations have been carried out; (2) Techniques: With an emphasis on actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma, we examined the most recent research on the etiology of non-melanoma skin cancer; (3) Findings: Numerous studies documented molecular and genetic changes that result in skin cancer that is not melanoma. The pathophysiology of non-melanoma skin cancer involves numerous risk factors, such as immunosuppression, UV radiation, and genetic and molecular changes.4) Conclusion Several studies have shown that genetic and molecular changes play a role in skin carcinogenesis, despite the fact that this process is still not entirely understood. Furthermore, a number of risk factors for non-melanoma skin cancer are now understood, making it possible to effectively prevent the development of non-melanoma skin cancer. Our review concentrated on molecular and genetic factors and thoroughly examined a number of factors associated with non-melanoma skin cancer, in contrast to earlier articles on the same subject.