Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which is a member of the Ortho poxvirus genus. Although historically endemic to Central and West Africa, recent outbreaks have highlighted its potential to spread more widely. Mpox is characterized by symptoms similar to smallpox, including fever, rash, and lymphadenopathy, with a progression from flu-like symptoms to a distinctive rash that evolves from macules to pustules. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infectious bodily fluids, lesions, or contaminated materials, and can also be zoonotic, involving animals such as rodents. Recent global outbreaks have prompted increased surveillance, public health responses, and vaccination efforts. Research continues to focus on improving diagnostic methods, understanding the virus’s epidemiology, and developing effective treatments and vaccines. Given its potential for widespread dissemination, continued vigilance and preparedness are essential to managing and mitigating future outbreaks. [1]