Withania coagulans, commonly known as Paneer Doda or Indian Rennet, is a medicinal plant of the Solanaceae family widely used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. This plant is rich in phytochemicals such as withanolides, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids, which contribute to its pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and immunosuppressive effects. It has applications in treating diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cancer, wound healing, and inflammatory conditions. This review highlights the botanical characteristics, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of Withania coagulans, emphasizing its potential in modern medicine and pharmaceutical formulations.