Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder affecting individuals assigned female at birth, characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of polycystic ovaries. The condition is driven by an interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, leading to elevated levels of androgens (hyperandrogenism), insulin resistance, and inflammation. PCOS manifests through symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, hirsutism, acne, obesity, and infertility. It is closely associated with metabolic disturbances, increasing the risk of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and mood disorders. Recent research highlights the heterogeneity of PCOS, suggesting it comprises several distinct phenotypes with varying severity and presentations. These phenotypes can range from cases dominated by hyperandrogenism to those primarily exhibiting insulin resistance or menstrual irregularities. The complexity of PCOS pathophysiology suggests that a "one-size-fits-all" approach is ineffective, necessitating a personalized model of care to address individual symptoms and underlying mechanisms Management of PCOS involves a combination of lifestyle interventions, pharmacological treatments such as hormonal contraceptives and insulin-sensitizing agents, and fertility treatments where necessary. The disorder also poses psychological challenges, with increased rates of anxiety, depression, and body image issues reported. Comprehensive, multidisciplinary care is essential for improving the overall well-being of those affected, emphasizing early diagnosis, patient education, and ongoing support.