The banking sector plays a crucial role in the economic development of any country by mobilizing public deposits and directing them into productive investments. This study focuses on comparing the financial performance of five public sector banks (SBI, Bank of Baroda, Punjab National Bank, Union Bank, Canara Bank) and five private sector banks (HDFC, ICICI, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra, IDBI) for the fiscal years 2019-20 and 2023-24 using CAMEL Analysis. The study employs financial ratios and trend analysis to evaluate the differences in performance, strategies, and governance between public and private sector banks, offering insights into sectoral strengths and areas for improvement.