Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major public health problem in all parts of the world. For the United States, federal spending on HIV disease for 1982 to 1989 Pharmacoeconomic analysis has been used to assess 2 important therapeutic options in caring for HIV patients: zidovudine therapy for asymptomatic illness, and prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). The cost-effectiveness ratio for zidovudine therapy, $US6553 to $US70 526 per year of life saved, compares favourably with ratios for other medical therapies. Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia has been shown to be most efficient using oral dapsone or cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Pharmacological therapy for HIV is costly, however, and may limit the access to new therapies for patients in the developing world. Concurrent economic assessment of therapies during phase III trials may serve as an essential part of the research. In patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections or the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), zidovudine is a first-line therapy that reduces morbidity and may reduce mortality. By delaying progression to AIDS, the drug reduces the duration and incidence of hospitalisations in a given time period, resulting in overall decreases in the cost of medical treatment per unit of survival time. In current therapeutic dosages zidovudine is generally well tolerated. Most pharmacoeconomic and quality-of-life studies of this agent were conducted. using data relating to higher dosages and higher drug acquisition costs than those currently applicable, but nevertheless generally support the cost-effectiveness of zidovudine in patients with HIV disease. Studies examining the use of the drug in higher dosages demonstrate neither clear positive nor negative effects of the drug on quality of life. The cost effectiveness of the drug as prophylaxis against seroconversion after occupational exposure to HIV is dependent primarily on the establishment of clinical effectiveness in this condition. pharmacoeconomic studies should examine changes to dosage and cost factors, along with direct nonmedical treatment costs, indirect medical treatment costs and the effects of the drug on quality of life. An evaluation of existing studies suggests that if these factors were accounted for, zidovudine might be shown to be more clearly cost effective, and indeed its use in the treatment of patients with HIV disease might be found to result in cost savings. The management of HIV/AIDS has evolved significantly over the past few decades, with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) improving the prognosis and quality of life for millions of people living with the virus. However, the long-term treatment of HIV/AIDS presents substantial economic challenges to healthcare systems globally. Pharmacoeconomic analysis, which evaluates the cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost-benefit of healthcare interventions, plays a critical role in optimizing resource allocation in HIV/AIDS management. This abstract examines the pharmacoeconomic considerations involved in the pharmacy management of HIV/AIDS, focusing on the cost implications of ART, the role of pharmacists in improving medication adherence, and strategies to minimize healthcare costs while maximizing patient outcomes. Pharmacoeconomic studies in HIV/AIDS management assess the economic burden of antiretroviral drugs, including direct medical costs, patient adherence strategies, and long-term care requirements for individuals living with HIV. The analysis often compares the cost-effectiveness of different ART regimens, the impact of early initiation of therapy, and the cost-benefit of preventive measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Additionally, the role of pharmacy services in improving medication adherence, reducing drug resistance, and managing side effects is crucial in reducing both direct and indirect costs associated with HIV care. Key findings from pharmacoeconomic evaluations indicate that while the upfront costs of ART can be high, early and consistent treatment can lead to better longterm health outcomes, including reduced hospitalizations and decreased transmission rates, ultimately providing savings in the broader healthcare system. Moreover, strategies such as generic drug use, medication synchronization, and tele pharmacy can further enhance the cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS management. In conclusion, pharmacoeconomic analysis provides valuable insights into the economic aspects of HIV/AIDS treatment and highlights the importance of costeffective interventions in optimizing patient care. The role of pharmacy management in this context is pivotal, as it not only improves clinical outcomes but also ensures the sustainability of HIV/AIDS care programs, particularly in resource-limited settings. This analysis is essential for informing healthcare policy, guiding treatment decisions, and improving the accessibility and affordability of HIV/AIDS care worldwide.