This study investigates the cultural factors contributing to postpartum depression (PPD) among women in selected districts of Kerala. Using a descriptive research design and convenience sampling, data were collected from 230 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Findings reveal that strained relationships with in-laws, lack of spousal and parental support, gender-based expectations, and living arrangements (nuclear vs. extended families) significantly influence postpartum emotional well-being. Many women reported emotional distress due to interference in childcare, loss of autonomy, and societal pressures, especially following the birth of a female child. The study highlights the critical role of familial and cultural dynamics in shaping maternal mental health during the postpartum period and underscores the need for culturally sensitive interventions and support systems to reduce PPD risk.