This article examines the supply process related to material reserves in joint-stock companies, focusing on its main stages and the integration of theoretical and practical approaches to improve efficiency. Key functions such as planning, procurement, delivery, storage, and distribution are analyzed in detail, highlighting their interdependence. The article also discusses modern management concepts including the EOQ model, Just-In-Time (JIT) system, logistics, and risk management. Common challenges are identified, and practical recommendations are provided. The role of an effective supply system in ensuring production continuity and economic sustainability in joint-stock companies is substantiated.