This review synthesizes evidence on state-level Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) programs for electronics in the United States and identifies pathways toward practical national harmonization. Drawing on policy reports, program evaluations, and comparative analyses through 2016 to 2025, the paper maps the current policy landscape, characterizes core design choices (product scope, financing, performance metrics, enforcement), and evaluates observed outcomes in collection, material recovery, economic efficiency, and stakeholder engagement. This review reveals that while state EPR programs outperform ad hoc municipal systems on documented collection and diversion, performance and implementation are highly heterogeneous: states differ markedly in what devices are covered, how programs are funded (point-of-sale fees, producer-funded schemes, or hybrids), and how results are measured and enforced. Quantitatively, 25 states and the District of Columbia now have statewide e-waste laws. 23 of those rely on manufacturer-funded EPR models, while California continues to use an advanced, point-of-sale recycling fee—an inconsistency that complicates compliance for national producers and undermines cross-state comparability of hazardous-material outcomes. This inconsistency imposes administrative burdens on national producers, complicates cross-state comparisons, and undermines consistent hazardous-material management. High-performing programs are characterized by several features, such as clear statutory scope, stable financing (often through producer responsibility organizations), centralized plan approval or registries, verifiable reporting, and explicit convenience standards for collection. These together improve uptake and accountability. The review recommends pragmatic harmonization strategies that preserve state innovation: interoperable reporting templates, phased federal baselines for performance and oversight, a national clearinghouse or registry, targeted technical assistance, and structured multi-stakeholder governance.