stdClass Object
(
    [id] => 18389
    [paper_index] => 202512-02-025303
    [title] => A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ETIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND MANAGEMENT OF CONSTIPATION
    [description] => 
    [author] => Bhujbal Sanchita Dattatray, Attar Saba Had Mehrin Arif, Bharti Vrushali Avinash, Prof. Ashok Chopane
    [googlescholar] => 
    [doi] => 
    [year] => 2025
    [month] => December
    [volume] => 10
    [issue] => 12
    [file] => fm/jpanel/upload/2025/December/202512-02-025303.pdf
    [abstract] => Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent, difficult, or incomplete bowel movements. Its etiology is multifactorial, encompassing lifestyle factors such as low dietary fiber and fluid intake, as well as underlying medical conditions and medication side effects . The diagnostic approach begins with a comprehensive medical history and physical examination, which may be supplemented by various investigations including blood tests, imaging studies, and specialized manometry tests to identify the underlying cause. Management strategies are stepwise, commencing with lifestyle and dietary modifications as the first-line approach . Should these measures prove insufficient, pharmacological interventions, primarily with osmotic or stimulant laxatives, are considered . 
    [keywords] => Constipation , Colonoscopy, Bowel moment , Dehydration , Pelvic floor dysfunction 
    [doj] => 2025-12-13
    [hit] => 
    [status] => 
    [award_status] => P
    [orderr] => 22
    [journal_id] => 2
    [googlesearch_link] => 
    [edit_on] => 
    [is_status] => 1
    [journalname] => EPRA International Journal of Research & Development (IJRD)
    [short_code] => IJSR
    [eissn] =>  2455-7838 (Online)
    [pissn] => - -
    [home_page_wrapper] => images/products_image/2-n.png
)
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