This paper explores the concept of indigenous historical consciousness through Native American literature and the Bharatiya itihasa tradition, which together represent alternative epistemologies that challenge Western positivist historiography. An analysis of the works of N. Scott Momaday, Leslie Marmon Silko, Louise Erdrich, and the Mahabharata, the Ramayana, and the Bhagavad Gita proves that oral tradition, sacred geography, genealogy, and cyclical temporality are valid forms of historical knowledge. The paper opposes the colonial myth-history dichotomy and argues that Indigenous histories are living, ethical, and relational practices, which ensure cultural continuity, collective memory, and civilizational survival.