This study investigated the factors influencing the number of individuals applying for probation in 2025, focusing on the socio-demographic, economic, and legal variables shaping this decision-making process within the Antique Parole and Probation Office in San Jose, Antique, Philippines. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combined quantitative data from probation office records with qualitative insights from interviews with probation officers and probationers. Quantitative findings revealed that age, gender, offense type, marital status, and educational attainment significantly affect the likelihood of applying for probation. Most applicants were aged 31–40 (41%), male (83%), and charged under special laws (59%). Furthermore, 43% were married, and 53% had secondary education. Qualitative analysis identified multiple challenges faced by probation officers, including the lack of rehabilitation programs and funding, heavy caseloads, geographical barriers, economic instability, and negative environmental influences. Probationers often struggled with compliance due to fear of violation, psychological barriers, and distance to reporting stations. The study underscores the need for policy reforms and resource allocation to strengthen supervision, rehabilitation, and reintegration programs. The insights gained aim to inform evidence-based strategies that support the rehabilitation of offenders and promote public safety, addressing the multifaceted challenges within the probation system.