The poultry industry in India has undergone a paradigm shift, transitioning from a mere backyard activity into a major commercial agribusiness over the last four decades. This study investigates the production and economic challenges faced by poultry farm owners in the Tiruppur district, a significant poultry hub in South India. Using primary data collected from 50 respondents via structured questionnaires, the study employs the Weighted Average Ranking Method to identify key constraints. The research analyzes socio-economic factors, cost-return structures, and environmental stressors. The findings reveal that labour shortage, disease outbreaks, and water quality are the primary hurdles impacting profitability. The study concludes with suggestions for technological adoption, institutional support, and improved bio-security measures to sustain the growth of the poultry sector in the region.