This article analyzes the factors that shaped the scientific creativity of Matyoqub Qo‘shjonov, his literary-aesthetic views, and the influence of Russian critical traditions on Uzbek literary studies. The study examines the scholar’s formative environment, intellectual development, and contribution to Uzbek literary criticism. Particular attention is paid to the role of family upbringing, historical circumstances, academic environment, and Eastern literary traditions in shaping his worldview and scientific thinking.