Anophthalmos or anophthalmic syndrome is characterized by the absence of the eyeball in the orbit. Signs of the disease are characterized by a complete loss of the ability to see on the affected side, changes in spatial perception and increased fatigue during visual work with the healthy eye and a narrowing of the boundaries of the visual field. Anophthalmos is considered a disease whose development requires several negative factors. Based on the results of the studies, the basis for the appearance of intrauterine abnormalities has not been determined. But the most likely causes of the formation of a congenital form of anophthalmos are the appearance of fibrous threads arising in the fetal bladder (amnion) and the influence of ionizing radiation.