Indian society has traditionally recognised the role of business in societal development. Due to the mandatory nature of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for corporations since 2013 under the Companies Act 2013, it is essential that companies genuinely adopt an approach to implement CSR activities for the benefit of their stakeholders and society. The objective is to assess the significance of CSR and its connection to sustainability, aiming for optimal outcomes from CSR initiatives and long-term advantages for the recipients. This research aims to investigate the perceptions, aspirations, and evaluations of CSR initiatives in the Coal Mining sector by various industry stakeholders. This paper highlights explicitly the primary CSR initiatives carried out by Eastern Coalfields Ltd. (ECL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL). The study analysed annual reports to gain insights into these initiatives. The findings reveal that ECLs CSR investments primarily focus on improving health facilities, education and rural infrastructure.