Topical drug delivery (TDD) is a method of administering medication that produces a localized effect to treat skin conditions such as eczema by allowing the topical formulation to be dispersed throughout the skin upon application. Topical medication formulations fall into four categories: corticosteroids, antibiotics, antiseptics, and antifungals. The drugs skin-based metabolism and diffusion are part of the topical delivery method. In 3000 BCE, topical medication delivery became the first method of drug delivery to people in ancient Egypt and Babylonia. Topical treatments such as ointments and potions were applied topically in these ancient cities because topical medication distribution involves passing through several layers of skin and pharmacokinetics, factors including cutaneous illnesses reduce the bioavailability of the topical medications. Topical drug delivery is improving as a result of the widespread usage of topical medications. Through the application of chemical and physical agents, these developments improve the delivery of topical drugs to the skin. To improve topical drug absorption for chemical agents, carriers such as liposomes and nanotechnologies are employed. However, physical agents such as microneedles are a further strategy for improving absorption. The efficiency of topical formulation is governed by elements such as pH, lipophilicity, and drug molecule size, in addition to the use of carriers.