INTRODUCTION: The primary objective of Ayurveda is to maintain health of a healthy person and to cure the diseases of sick people. As per Ayurveda, a healthy person will be having equilibrium of Dosha, Agni, Dhatu and regular excretion of Mala. The derangement of Agni in any case will hamper the proper conversion of Ahara rasa into Prasada (sara) and Kitta (mala) parts. This improper metabolism leads to the accumulation of undigested waste products called Ama in the body. A Free radical can be defined as any molecular species capable of independent existence that contain unpaired electrons in the atomic orbital. They are highly reactive species that are capable of damaging DNA, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To understand the concept of Ama with special reference to free radicals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Modern texts, review articles, and authenticated sources were scrutinized for understanding the concept of free radicals and Ayurvedic texts were referred for further understanding. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As per Ayurveda there are 13 types of Agni (Jatharagni, Bhutagni, Dhatwagni). Its improper functioning can lead to production of various dimensions of Ama. At the present era, free radicals which are responsible for various diseases, can be identified as Ama at the level of Bhutagni i.e at the molecular level. Therefore understanding the concept of Ama and free radicals leads to the scope of using Ayurvedic remedies which may be helpful in prevention and care of free radical medicated diseases.