This review explores the intricate relationship between India and Cold War politics, highlighting how geopolitical dynamics shaped the country’s foreign policy and strategic positioning. During the Cold War, India navigated a complex international landscape characterized by ideological rivalries between the United States and the Soviet Union. This paper examines India's strategic non-alignment policy, its role in the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and its interactions with major global powers and neighboring states. The review synthesizes existing literature and historical analyses to elucidate India's balancing act between superpower influences and its pursuit of national interests. By analysing key events, diplomatic strategies, and policy shifts, this review offers insights into how Cold War politics influenced India's domestic and international trajectories and continues to impact its current foreign policy orientation.