This paper presents an in-depth exploration of NeuroLens, a next-generation wearable device that combines artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) to enhance human vision and provide real-time assistance. Using Brilliant Labs' Frame AI-glasses as a case study, we analyze the technological innovations, applications, and challenges of NeuroLens. We focus on its hardware components, software architecture, and the AI models used for real-time object recognition, voice interaction, and contextual information display. Potential applications in healthcare, navigation, education, and entertainment are examined, alongside challenges such as privacy, power management, and user acceptance. The future trajectory of NeuroLens and its implications for various industries are also discussed.