This paper describes the details of a unique traditional art form Leather Puppetry from the state of Andhra Pradesh. It is discussed from origin to the contemporary situation and rise and fall of the leather puppetry. The leather puppetry of Andhra Pradesh is most successful than the other puppetry in India. There was a particular village name popularly known as Bommalata Palli which is said to be origin for this craft. These artisans are migrants from Maharashtra and later settle down in the borders of Andhra Karnataka area. The basic theme served from Ranganatha Ramayana. It also includes several art forms such as Drawing, Painting, Music, Dance, and Poetry and enriched with theatrical props during the show. The paper also discusses the preparatory methods and play and its role in freedoms fight also. The technological innovation of film production by Lumier brothers, the popularity of the puppetry is diminished. But craftsmen adopted the social, economic situations, started to use new material in spite of some restriction and loss of popularity. Still they are in the state of struggle for existence. Artisans started creating decorative and craft items.