This research explores the evolving relationship between modernity and tradition in contemporary Arabic literature. In the face of globalization, technological advancements, and political transformations, Arab societies are experiencing rapid changes that are reflected in their literary works. Arabic writers are tasked with the challenge of maintaining a connection to their classical linguistic and cultural heritage while adopting modern forms of literary expression. The tension between preserving classical Arabic and integrating more contemporary, colloquial language forms presents a significant dilemma for authors. This article delves into how contemporary writers navigate this duality, examining the innovative ways they merge traditional elements with modernist techniques in narrative structures, themes, and linguistic choices. By analyzing the works of prominent authors and poets, the study highlights how issues such as identity, exile, political struggle, and cultural globalization are explored within this framework. Additionally, it addresses the cultural significance of this balancing act, considering how the interplay between tradition and modernity reflects broader social and political realities in the Arab world. Ultimately, this research sheds light on the rich diversity of Arabic literature today, illustrating how contemporary writers are shaping the future of their literary tradition while responding to the challenges of modernity.