This study explores the socio-economic conditions and developmental challenges faced by the Kattunaykkan tribal community in Wayanad district, Kerala, with a specific focus on adult women. Recognized as a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), the Kattunaykkan inhabit forest-fringe areas and remain socio-economically marginalized despite various welfare interventions. Based on primary data collected from 150 tribal households in Noolpuzha and Ambalavayal panchayats of Sulthan Bathery taluk, the study examines demographic distribution, educational levels, occupational patterns, health status, and access to healthcare. The findings reveal widespread illiteracy, high dependence on unpaid family labour, prevalence of acute and chronic diseases, and delayed medical treatment-seeking behaviour. These socio-economic and health-related deprivations highlight persistent structural inequalities and call for targeted, culturally sensitive policy interventions that promote inclusive development, especially for tribal women.