This study investigates the dynamics of household energy use among tribal communities in Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, with a focus on the implementation and impact of the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY). Drawing on data from 600 households across eight villages, the research examines how socio-economic conditions, household characteristics, and local contexts influence access to and adoption of clean cooking fuels, particularly LPG. Although PMUY has significantly improved initial access to LPG by offering subsidized connections, sustained usage among tribal households remains limited. Many families continue to rely heavily on firewood due to the high cost of refills, irregular supply chains, and limited awareness of the health risks associated with traditional fuels. This reliance on biomass not only exposes women and children to indoor air pollution but also adds to their daily burden of collecting fuel, often from distant forested areas. Using the Energy Ladder Model and linear regression analysis, the study identifies key factors influencing energy transition, including income, education, family size, and geographic location. It finds that while income plays a role, it is not always a strong predictor of LPG adoption in regions where traditional fuel use is deeply rooted. The duration of LPG usage also emerges as an important factor households using LPG for longer periods are more likely to continue its use. The findings highlight the need for more localized and inclusive policy approaches. To enhance the effectiveness of PMUY in tribal areas, targeted subsidies, improved last-mile delivery systems, and culturally relevant awareness campaigns are essential. Addressing these challenges can support a more equitable and sustainable shift toward clean energy, improving both health outcomes and quality of life for tribal communities.