Introduction: rhinoseptoplasty is a common surgical procedure in otolaryngology and facial plastic surgery, aimed at improving both respiratory function and nasal aesthetics. Although considered a safe procedure, it can be associated with various complications that impact functional and aesthetic outcomes. Objective: to review and categorize the main complications associated with rhinoseptoplasty, analyzing their frequency, pathogenic mechanisms, and current strategies for prevention and management. Methods: a narrative review of the medical literature available in PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases from 2010 to 2024 was conducted. Original articles, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines with relevant evidence on postoperative complications in rhinoseptoplasty were included. Results: complications are classified as immediate—such as bleeding, septal hematoma, and infection—and late—including nasal deformities, nasal valve dysfunction, synechiae, and olfactory disturbances. Most complications can be prevented through proper surgical technique and strict postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: despite the low incidence of severe complications, rhinoseptoplasty requires thorough anatomical knowledge, meticulous preoperative evaluation, and precise surgical technique to minimize risks and optimize outcomes.