Background: Ayurveda emphasizes the dual purpose of preserving the health of the healthy (Swasthasya Rakshanam) and curing the disease of the sick (Aturasya Vikara Prashamanam). Among the various modalities mentioned, Panchakarma holds a prime role in prev entive health. This review aims to critically analyze the role of Panchakarma in preventive health from the perspective of Brihattrayi and Laghutrayi, while also correlating with modern preventive medicine. Methods: A comprehensive review of classical Ayu rvedic texts —Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, along with Madhava Nidana, Sharangadhara Samhita, and Bhavaprakasha was carried out. Modern research studies were also reviewed through PubMed and AYUSH research portals. Results: Panchakarma, through Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, and Raktamokshana, contributes significantly to seasonal purification (Ritushodhana), enhancement of agni, dosha balance, and prevention of lifestyle disorders. Modern research indicates its ro le in detoxificati on, immune modulation, and gut –brain axis regulation. Conclusion: Panchakarma, when practiced periodically in healthy individuals, aligns with Swasthavritta and functions as a preventive and promotive healthcare strategy. It bridges classical wisdom with modern public health needs.