This paper empirically examines the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors specifically gender, age, education, marital status, and employment on health care utilization in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted an explanatory research design and employed a quantitative cross-sectional household survey. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from residents sampled proportionally across the county’s six constituencies (n = 385). Hypotheses were tested using binary logistic regression. The results revealed that gender and age had positive and statistically significant effects on utilization while employment had a negative and statistically significant effect. Education showed a positive but borderline effect and marital status was positive but not significant. Taken together, the findings highlight the importance of predisposing (gender, age) and enabling (employment-related time and access constraints) factors in shaping service use. County health managers should prioritize gender-responsive and age-attuned delivery models) and deploy work-compatible access strategies. Complementary health-literacy and navigation supports can help translate the positive albeit marginal education signal into effective use across population groups.