Small and marginal farmers form the backbone of Indian agriculture, yet they continue to face serious financial challenges. This study examines the key financial problems that affect these farmers, focusing on three major areas: agricultural credit, income instability, and access to financial services. The paper highlights how insufficient credit, dependence on informal lenders, fluctuating incomes, climate risks, and limited financial inclusion create barriers to sustainable farming. The findings show that improving access to formal credit, expanding financial literacy, strengthening insurance systems, and supporting digital finance can significantly improve the financial stability of small and marginal farmers in India.