Raktapittantaka Loha1 is a classical herbo-mineral formulation described in Bhaishajya Ratnavali under Raktapittachikitsaprakaranam, indicated for the management of various types of Raktapitta. It is a Loha Kalpana primarily containing Loha Bhasma along with Amalaki, Pippali, Sita, possessing pitta-shamaka, rakta-stambhaka and rakta-prasadaka properties. The formulation is also indicated in Vata-pittavikara, Amlapitta. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe Raktapitta as a Mahāgada2 (Grave disease) due to its severity, rapid progression and potential fatality if not managed properly. It is primarily caused by the aggravation of Pitta dosa, which vitiates Rakta dhātu. Raktapittantaka Loha, by virtue of its rasa, guna, virya, vipaka, pacifies pitta dosha, strengthens rakta dhatu, while loha bhasma contributes to rakta vardhana and rasayana properties, making formulation effective in restoring hematological balance & controlling hemorrhagic manifestation. This critical review aims to compile and analyze Raktapittantaka loha with special emphasis on its composition, pharmacological properties, therapeutic utility and probable mode of action. The study highlights the relevance of Raktapittaka loha as a potent ayurvedic intervention in the management of raktapitta.